Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya Street
Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya Street is located between Moskovsky and Chervishevsky tracts, bordering Komsomolsky Square.
Monuments to Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya, who became a model of the heroic struggle of the partisan movement against the German invaders for all Russian people during the war years, have been installed in several cities of Russia, and museums have been opened in the 201st Moscow school and in the school of her native village.
The Executive Committee of the City Council of Workers' Deputies decided to assign Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya Street on January 31, 1950. It became a tribute to the memory of the heroic girl.
The Great Patriotic War cannot be imagined without the partisan movement. Ilya Starinov, an experienced saboteur and bomber who led a special group of miners in the NKVD, testified: "…Most of the partisans we trained and retrained in the late 20s and early 30s… they were repressed. No one was involved in the development of plans for a partisan movement behind enemy lines. There was no question of creating special means of sabotage. If we had paid attention to the partisans before the war, our partisan detachments would have been able to cut off enemy troops at the front from their sources of supply at the very beginning of the war…"
By December of the first year of the war, more than 3.5 million Soviet soldiers had been captured by the enemy. The Red Army soldiers who remained in the rear of the advancing German troops, who were lucky enough to escape capture, spontaneously gathered into partisan detachments. Disillusioned with the occupiers as liberators from the Bolsheviks, local residents began to help the partisans, replenishing their ranks and supplying them with food and clothing. The partisans drew weapons and ammunition from the Red Army units abandoned during the retreat.
The defeat of the Germans near Moscow contributed to the development of the partisan movement. It began to seem to many that the Germans would soon roll back to the border under the powerful blows of the Soviet troops.
Monuments to Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya, who became a model of the heroic struggle of the partisan movement against the German invaders for all Russian people during the war years, have been installed in several cities of Russia, and museums have been opened in the 201st Moscow school and in the school of her native village.
The Executive Committee of the City Council of Workers' Deputies decided to assign Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya Street on January 31, 1950. It became a tribute to the memory of the heroic girl.
The Great Patriotic War cannot be imagined without the partisan movement. Ilya Starinov, an experienced saboteur and bomber who led a special group of miners in the NKVD, testified: "…Most of the partisans we trained and retrained in the late 20s and early 30s… they were repressed. No one was involved in the development of plans for a partisan movement behind enemy lines. There was no question of creating special means of sabotage. If we had paid attention to the partisans before the war, our partisan detachments would have been able to cut off enemy troops at the front from their sources of supply at the very beginning of the war…"
By December of the first year of the war, more than 3.5 million Soviet soldiers had been captured by the enemy. The Red Army soldiers who remained in the rear of the advancing German troops, who were lucky enough to escape capture, spontaneously gathered into partisan detachments. Disillusioned with the occupiers as liberators from the Bolsheviks, local residents began to help the partisans, replenishing their ranks and supplying them with food and clothing. The partisans drew weapons and ammunition from the Red Army units abandoned during the retreat.
The defeat of the Germans near Moscow contributed to the development of the partisan movement. It began to seem to many that the Germans would soon roll back to the border under the powerful blows of the Soviet troops.
The first heroes appeared, whose names were named after the streets in Tyumen. The street adjacent to the current Komsomolsky Square (laid out in April 1961) was named after Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya.
For the first time, Peter Lidov, a military correspondent for Pravda, wrote about the fate of a tenth-grader at the 201st Moscow school. From the documents of the German division that was defeated near Moscow in January 1942, a photograph came to him that later went around the world: a girl with a noose around her neck and a sign saying "Arsonist."
Then Lidov did not know her real name. He called his essay, published on January 27, 1942 in Pravda, "Tanya." Then the corpse of a partisan woman who was hanged in the village of Petrishchevo was exhumed — that’s how Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya was identified.
The country was in dire need of heroes: the Germans were still standing near Moscow. On February 16, Zoya was posthumously awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union. An 18-year-old Komsomol partisan became the first female heroine (86 women received this title throughout the war, including 29 pilots, 17 medical instructors and 26 guerrillas).
For the first time, Peter Lidov, a military correspondent for Pravda, wrote about the fate of a tenth-grader at the 201st Moscow school. From the documents of the German division that was defeated near Moscow in January 1942, a photograph came to him that later went around the world: a girl with a noose around her neck and a sign saying "Arsonist."
Then Lidov did not know her real name. He called his essay, published on January 27, 1942 in Pravda, "Tanya." Then the corpse of a partisan woman who was hanged in the village of Petrishchevo was exhumed — that’s how Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya was identified.
The country was in dire need of heroes: the Germans were still standing near Moscow. On February 16, Zoya was posthumously awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union. An 18-year-old Komsomol partisan became the first female heroine (86 women received this title throughout the war, including 29 pilots, 17 medical instructors and 26 guerrillas).
She wasn’t really a partisan. In November 1941, a girl mobilized by the Komsomol was sent to military unit 9903, commanded by Major Arthur Sprogis. In the Moscow suburb of Kuntsevo, in the kindergarten building, yesterday’s schoolchildren were taught the skills of sabotage work: planting explosives, throwing gasoline bottles, setting fire…
Four days after such training, a group of ten people, which included Zoya, was transferred to the German-occupied territory of the Naro-Fominsk district.
By sending inexperienced saboteurs to the enemy’s rear, Sprogis knew that they would fall into the hands of the Germans — of the five thousand volunteers of military unit 9903, only about a thousand survived.
Saying goodbye, Sprogis handed Zoya a revolver: "If you get caught, you’d better shoot yourself. You’re too good for them to just hang you."
For five days, the saboteurs wandered in the forests near Moscow. Four of them fell behind on the road. The three were coward. The other arsonists were detained by Semyon Sviridov, a 55-year-old lumberjack at the Verey forestry and handed over to the Germans. Zoya didn’t have time to shoot herself. She remained stubbornly silent during interrogations, not even giving out her real name.
On November 29, 1941, in the middle of the day, Zoya was led to the gallows after terrible torture. The fascists also drove the villagers here. At the last moment of her life, she shouted to the villagers, "I'm not afraid to die, comrades! It’s a blessing to die for your people!"
In 1942, Zoya’s ashes were transported to Moscow, to the Novodevichy cemetery. A memorial plaque has been erected at the site of the original burial.
A monument has been erected at the fork of the Moscow — Minsk and Dorokhovo — Vereya roads, 5 km from Petrishchev. On the pedestal of black polished granite there is an inscription: "Zoya is an immortal heroine of the Soviet people. 1923−1941. "
On June 22, 1941, Tyumen Komsomol members began to volunteer for the front, leaving whole Komsomol organizations, some immediately from school.
During the difficult days of the Great Patriotic War, Komsomol members worked in factories, raised money for the Red Army relief fund to create a tank column named "Fighting Girlfriends" named after Komsomol, an aviation squadron "Tyumen — front", "Omsk Komsomolets", an aircraft "Omsk Patriot", etc. During the Great Patriotic War, torpedo boats of the 123-bis Komsomolets type were produced in the workshops of the Tyumen Shipbuilding Plant. A total of 30 torpedo boats of this type were launched during the war.
During the war years, Komsomol members at the Tyumen and Ishim branches of the railway initiated the movement of driving heavy trains, increasing the mileage of steam locomotives without repair, collecting and restoring scarce parts.
After the war, the Komsomol played an important role in the uplift of the Siberian virgin lands and the creation of the oil and gas complex in Western Siberia.
On February 12, 1965, the Central Committee of the Komsomol adopted a resolution "On the participation of Komsomol organizations in the development of oil and gas fields in Western Siberia and the Mangyshlak Peninsula." The complex of works on the development of oil and gas fields in the Tyumen region was declared the All-Union Komsomol Shock Construction Site No. 1. Since 1965, student construction teams from all over the country have been working in the Tyumen region. The first detachment in the region was created at the Tyumen Industrial Institute, which participated in the development of Samotlor and the construction of Nizhnevartovsk.
The staff of the Komsomol Central Committee was headed by Anatoly Loshkarev, head of the Komsomol Organizations Department of the Tyumen Regional Komsomol Committee. Builders, oil workers, and gas workers experienced a great shortage of workers and engineering and technical personnel. The replenishment was carried out at the expense of young people arriving from all over the country on Komsomol vouchers. In early 1965, about 100 engineers and technicians and 300 skilled workers came from Tatarstan alone to work permanently in the Tyumen Region. Komsomol members from Ukraine, Belarus, Bashkir and many others sent their best representatives to explore the Siberian subsoil.
Already in 1966, 5,350 students arrived in the Tyumen region. In just a decade and a half, the region has hosted 11 All-Union Komsomol shock troops. In the period from 1967 to 1971, the annual number of construction teams was 20−25 thousand. In the following years, the number only grew. After graduating from universities or technical schools, many children returned to the North no longer as construction workers, but as residents of the cities they had built.
The XXIITH Extraordinary Congress of the Komsomol, held in September 1991, announced the termination of the organization’s activities, and the Russian Youth Union became its successor in October.
Four days after such training, a group of ten people, which included Zoya, was transferred to the German-occupied territory of the Naro-Fominsk district.
By sending inexperienced saboteurs to the enemy’s rear, Sprogis knew that they would fall into the hands of the Germans — of the five thousand volunteers of military unit 9903, only about a thousand survived.
Saying goodbye, Sprogis handed Zoya a revolver: "If you get caught, you’d better shoot yourself. You’re too good for them to just hang you."
For five days, the saboteurs wandered in the forests near Moscow. Four of them fell behind on the road. The three were coward. The other arsonists were detained by Semyon Sviridov, a 55-year-old lumberjack at the Verey forestry and handed over to the Germans. Zoya didn’t have time to shoot herself. She remained stubbornly silent during interrogations, not even giving out her real name.
On November 29, 1941, in the middle of the day, Zoya was led to the gallows after terrible torture. The fascists also drove the villagers here. At the last moment of her life, she shouted to the villagers, "I'm not afraid to die, comrades! It’s a blessing to die for your people!"
In 1942, Zoya’s ashes were transported to Moscow, to the Novodevichy cemetery. A memorial plaque has been erected at the site of the original burial.
A monument has been erected at the fork of the Moscow — Minsk and Dorokhovo — Vereya roads, 5 km from Petrishchev. On the pedestal of black polished granite there is an inscription: "Zoya is an immortal heroine of the Soviet people. 1923−1941. "
On June 22, 1941, Tyumen Komsomol members began to volunteer for the front, leaving whole Komsomol organizations, some immediately from school.
During the difficult days of the Great Patriotic War, Komsomol members worked in factories, raised money for the Red Army relief fund to create a tank column named "Fighting Girlfriends" named after Komsomol, an aviation squadron "Tyumen — front", "Omsk Komsomolets", an aircraft "Omsk Patriot", etc. During the Great Patriotic War, torpedo boats of the 123-bis Komsomolets type were produced in the workshops of the Tyumen Shipbuilding Plant. A total of 30 torpedo boats of this type were launched during the war.
During the war years, Komsomol members at the Tyumen and Ishim branches of the railway initiated the movement of driving heavy trains, increasing the mileage of steam locomotives without repair, collecting and restoring scarce parts.
After the war, the Komsomol played an important role in the uplift of the Siberian virgin lands and the creation of the oil and gas complex in Western Siberia.
On February 12, 1965, the Central Committee of the Komsomol adopted a resolution "On the participation of Komsomol organizations in the development of oil and gas fields in Western Siberia and the Mangyshlak Peninsula." The complex of works on the development of oil and gas fields in the Tyumen region was declared the All-Union Komsomol Shock Construction Site No. 1. Since 1965, student construction teams from all over the country have been working in the Tyumen region. The first detachment in the region was created at the Tyumen Industrial Institute, which participated in the development of Samotlor and the construction of Nizhnevartovsk.
The staff of the Komsomol Central Committee was headed by Anatoly Loshkarev, head of the Komsomol Organizations Department of the Tyumen Regional Komsomol Committee. Builders, oil workers, and gas workers experienced a great shortage of workers and engineering and technical personnel. The replenishment was carried out at the expense of young people arriving from all over the country on Komsomol vouchers. In early 1965, about 100 engineers and technicians and 300 skilled workers came from Tatarstan alone to work permanently in the Tyumen Region. Komsomol members from Ukraine, Belarus, Bashkir and many others sent their best representatives to explore the Siberian subsoil.
Already in 1966, 5,350 students arrived in the Tyumen region. In just a decade and a half, the region has hosted 11 All-Union Komsomol shock troops. In the period from 1967 to 1971, the annual number of construction teams was 20−25 thousand. In the following years, the number only grew. After graduating from universities or technical schools, many children returned to the North no longer as construction workers, but as residents of the cities they had built.
The XXIITH Extraordinary Congress of the Komsomol, held in September 1991, announced the termination of the organization’s activities, and the Russian Youth Union became its successor in October.
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