Maurice Thorez Street
(Kolymskaya untill 1964)
In the 1930s, this street was named Kolymskaya, in honor of the rich deposits of mineral raw materials and non-ferrous metals in the northern and eastern suburbs of the Soviet Union, in the area of the Kolyma River.
For a long time, the railway leading from Tyumen station to Tura station passed nearby. At the end of the street, where there was a railroad crossing at the beginning of the twentieth century, an overpass was erected in 1960 so that automobile and railway transport would not interfere with each other.
In the 60s of the last century, the leadership of the CPSU hoped for the success of the international communist, labor and national liberation movements. Streets and cities were named after the leaders of the Communist parties.
For a long time, the railway leading from Tyumen station to Tura station passed nearby. At the end of the street, where there was a railroad crossing at the beginning of the twentieth century, an overpass was erected in 1960 so that automobile and railway transport would not interfere with each other.
In the 60s of the last century, the leadership of the CPSU hoped for the success of the international communist, labor and national liberation movements. Streets and cities were named after the leaders of the Communist parties.
Maurice Thorez, a leader of the French workers' movement and the leader of the French Communist Party, was born in the early twentieth century into a miner’s family. He started working early and at the same time became involved in party activities. He was arrested more than once.
On the eve of World War II, he opposed fascism. In 1940, Thorez was sent to the army. He deserted and fled to the USSR. In his homeland, he was tried in absentia and sentenced to death. However, in 1944, after the liberation of France, President Charles de Gaulle pardoned Thorez. The communist leader returned home. The following year, he joined the de Gaulle government. He opposed the creation of the NATO military bloc, nuclear weapons, and wars in Korea, Vietnam, Algeria.
He also remained a Stalinist and supported the suppression of the uprising in Hungary in 1956.
In 1950, he suffered a stroke, and was treated for a long time in the USSR. When his condition worsened in 1964, he went back to Soviet doctors for treatment, but died on the way.
On the eve of World War II, he opposed fascism. In 1940, Thorez was sent to the army. He deserted and fled to the USSR. In his homeland, he was tried in absentia and sentenced to death. However, in 1944, after the liberation of France, President Charles de Gaulle pardoned Thorez. The communist leader returned home. The following year, he joined the de Gaulle government. He opposed the creation of the NATO military bloc, nuclear weapons, and wars in Korea, Vietnam, Algeria.
He also remained a Stalinist and supported the suppression of the uprising in Hungary in 1956.
In 1950, he suffered a stroke, and was treated for a long time in the USSR. When his condition worsened in 1964, he went back to Soviet doctors for treatment, but died on the way.
In 1964, Kolymskaya Street was renamed Maurice Thorez Street.
The street began from the Machine Tool Factory, the workshops of which were demolished in 2007.
The history of Siberia’s oldest steel mill began with the foundry of merchant Andrey Grigoryevich Zakolyapin, a native of Kaslinsky volost. In a small dugout, he installed a primitive furnace of the type of a box in which copper and cast iron were melted. Only 12 people worked here. It is not known how the future fate of this workshop would have developed, which many arose and soon disappeared in Russia at that time, if it had not been bought in the same 1899 by Nikolai Dmitrievich Masharov, who is considered the founder of the plant.
In 1897, he married the Kukhterins' sister, Ekaterina, profitably. The bride’s dowry became the first capital with which Nikolai Dmitrievich acquired a dugout workshop, deciding to expand the foundry in Tyumen. Masharov appeals to the city council with a request to transfer the land to his full ownership, "in order to erect new stone buildings on it to revive the foundry, which allows hundreds of people to have permanent jobs and helps the development of the city’s industry, which is very necessary for him." On August 11, 1901, he founded the Masharov and Co. partnership, which, besides him, included three merchants and the Gilev and Sons trading house.
Construction begins in the same year. A brick foundry building, a locksmith and mechanical workshop, a nail department, and warehouses are being built. Later — an enameling workshop. Initially, foundry workers from the Caspian Plant were invited to work. The company was managed by specialists from Warsaw. In 1910−1911, 300 people worked at the plant, 120 of them in the foundry.
The factory produced stove and dish casting: plates, irons, pans, boilers, doors. In addition, "accepts all kinds of orders for factories, factories and shipping companies based on drawings and drawings for casting all kinds of mechanical brass and copper machine parts in rough and finished." In the future, the plant begins to produce a small number of threshing machines and winnowing machines. Castings of artistic cast iron are of high quality. These products could be found at the annual Irbit and Ishim fairs. They were also exhibited at the first West Siberian Exhibition in Omsk in .
At the beginning of the twentieth century, the Masharov & Co partnership became the largest industrial enterprise in Tyumen. Two cupboards are installed in the foundry, air is injected into them by horse traction. In 1908, it was replaced by a steam engine, and then the plant was the first in Tyumen to switch to an electromechanical drive. Before the First World War, an engine room with a dynamo was put into operation, and a two-story machine shop was built. The working conditions at the factory, as well as at other industrial enterprises in Russia, were difficult. The working day was 12 hours.
After the revolution, life at the factory continued. The plant acquires the name "Mechanic" and is part of Uralmetallotrest, by which time it had already begun to specialize in the production of woodworking machines. The expansion of production soon made it possible to stop importing them from abroad and thereby save millions of rubles in gold. In 1930, the plant produced 430 machines!
During the Great Patriotic War, only military products were produced. Already in August 1941, from Kiev began to evacuate the equipment of the Krasny Excavatorshchik plant. 78 specialists of this company joined the Mechanics team.
In December 1944, Factory No. 762 received a task of special importance. He had to manufacture and supply two jointing machines. As it turned out later, the machines were intended for laboratory No. 2, headed by academician I. A. Kurchatov. Later, this laboratory became the Institute of Atomic Energy of the USSR Academy of Sciences.
After the war, the plant produced high-performance circular and multi-saw automated machines for sawmills, woodworking plants, and construction sites. In May 1966, the Tyumen Mekhanik plant was renamed the Tyumen Machine Tool Plant. In 1973, the plant’s products were awarded a Quality Mark.
The plant sent its products to all woodworking plants and exported them to thirty-five countries around the world.
The street began from the Machine Tool Factory, the workshops of which were demolished in 2007.
The history of Siberia’s oldest steel mill began with the foundry of merchant Andrey Grigoryevich Zakolyapin, a native of Kaslinsky volost. In a small dugout, he installed a primitive furnace of the type of a box in which copper and cast iron were melted. Only 12 people worked here. It is not known how the future fate of this workshop would have developed, which many arose and soon disappeared in Russia at that time, if it had not been bought in the same 1899 by Nikolai Dmitrievich Masharov, who is considered the founder of the plant.
In 1897, he married the Kukhterins' sister, Ekaterina, profitably. The bride’s dowry became the first capital with which Nikolai Dmitrievich acquired a dugout workshop, deciding to expand the foundry in Tyumen. Masharov appeals to the city council with a request to transfer the land to his full ownership, "in order to erect new stone buildings on it to revive the foundry, which allows hundreds of people to have permanent jobs and helps the development of the city’s industry, which is very necessary for him." On August 11, 1901, he founded the Masharov and Co. partnership, which, besides him, included three merchants and the Gilev and Sons trading house.
Construction begins in the same year. A brick foundry building, a locksmith and mechanical workshop, a nail department, and warehouses are being built. Later — an enameling workshop. Initially, foundry workers from the Caspian Plant were invited to work. The company was managed by specialists from Warsaw. In 1910−1911, 300 people worked at the plant, 120 of them in the foundry.
The factory produced stove and dish casting: plates, irons, pans, boilers, doors. In addition, "accepts all kinds of orders for factories, factories and shipping companies based on drawings and drawings for casting all kinds of mechanical brass and copper machine parts in rough and finished." In the future, the plant begins to produce a small number of threshing machines and winnowing machines. Castings of artistic cast iron are of high quality. These products could be found at the annual Irbit and Ishim fairs. They were also exhibited at the first West Siberian Exhibition in Omsk in .
At the beginning of the twentieth century, the Masharov & Co partnership became the largest industrial enterprise in Tyumen. Two cupboards are installed in the foundry, air is injected into them by horse traction. In 1908, it was replaced by a steam engine, and then the plant was the first in Tyumen to switch to an electromechanical drive. Before the First World War, an engine room with a dynamo was put into operation, and a two-story machine shop was built. The working conditions at the factory, as well as at other industrial enterprises in Russia, were difficult. The working day was 12 hours.
After the revolution, life at the factory continued. The plant acquires the name "Mechanic" and is part of Uralmetallotrest, by which time it had already begun to specialize in the production of woodworking machines. The expansion of production soon made it possible to stop importing them from abroad and thereby save millions of rubles in gold. In 1930, the plant produced 430 machines!
During the Great Patriotic War, only military products were produced. Already in August 1941, from Kiev began to evacuate the equipment of the Krasny Excavatorshchik plant. 78 specialists of this company joined the Mechanics team.
In December 1944, Factory No. 762 received a task of special importance. He had to manufacture and supply two jointing machines. As it turned out later, the machines were intended for laboratory No. 2, headed by academician I. A. Kurchatov. Later, this laboratory became the Institute of Atomic Energy of the USSR Academy of Sciences.
After the war, the plant produced high-performance circular and multi-saw automated machines for sawmills, woodworking plants, and construction sites. In May 1966, the Tyumen Mekhanik plant was renamed the Tyumen Machine Tool Plant. In 1973, the plant’s products were awarded a Quality Mark.
The plant sent its products to all woodworking plants and exported them to thirty-five countries around the world.
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